AuthoriProspector/Learn/Oatman Arizona Gold Camp — Tom Reed Mine and the WWII Shutdown
GOLD RUSH INTEL6 MIN READ

Oatman Arizona Gold Camp — Tom Reed Mine and the WWII Shutdown

DIRECT ANSWER
Oatman in Mohave County, Arizona produced over $40 million in gold between its initial discovery in 1863 and World War II, when the US government shut down gold mines to redirect labor to strategic metals. The Tom Reed and United Eastern mines were among Arizona's richest hard-rock operations. Today wild burros descended from mining-era pack animals roam Oatman's main street.

Prospectors found gold in the Black Mountains near the Colorado River in 1863, but the district didn't reach its full potential until the early 1900s when the Tom Reed Mine struck enormously rich ore bodies. The United Eastern Mine followed with even richer discoveries, and by 1915 Oatman had grown to 3,500 residents supporting dozens of working mines.

Arizona's Mohave County gold came from a volcanic-hosted epithermal system — the same geological setting that produces many of Nevada's gold deposits. Hot hydrothermal fluids circulated through fractures in ancient volcanic rocks, depositing gold and silver in quartz veins. The ores were rich but localized, requiring systematic drilling to find the ore shoots.

The War That Shut the Mines

In 1942, the War Production Board issued Limitation Order L-208, effectively shutting down all US gold mining operations. The reasoning was clear: gold mining consumed resources — steel, dynamite, machinery, labor — that were desperately needed for the war effort. Gold didn't win wars; copper, lead, zinc, and tungsten did. Oatman's mines closed overnight and never fully reopened.

Route 66 and the Burros

Oatman sits on the original alignment of Route 66. When the interstate bypassed it in 1952, Oatman became a ghost town again — saved only by the tourist trade drawn to its authentic 1920s–1930s architecture and the wild burros. The burros are descendants of animals abandoned by miners when the mines closed; today hundreds roam freely through town, demanding carrots from tourists.

Tactical Intelligence
BLM Kingman Field Office manages significant land in the Black Mountains open to mineral entry. The Oviatt/Boundary Cone district south of Oatman contains known gold and silver mineralization. Arizona requires no state mining permit for recreational prospecting on BLM land, but AZ Dept of Mines and Mineral Resources maintains a claim database.
Map Open Ground in Mohave County

AuthoriProspector overlays live BLM claims, 20-acre aliquot precision, USGS historic mine markers, and no-go zones on a single map. Tap any block to see who owns it — then stake and file from the field.

Find BLM claims in the Oatman district on AuthoriProspector →

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

Why was gold mining shut down in WWII?
War Production Board Limitation Order L-208 (1942) closed all US gold mines not producing strategic by-product metals. Steel, explosives, and labor were needed for the war effort. Gold was considered non-essential.
What is epithermal gold?
Gold deposited by hot hydrothermal fluids at relatively shallow depths (generally less than 1 km). Epithermal systems produce some of the richest, most visible gold mineralogy — often with free gold visible in quartz veins.
Are the Oatman burros really wild?
Technically they are feral — domesticated animals gone wild. They are descendants of burros used by miners in the early 1900s and were released or escaped when the mines closed. The town feeds and protects them; they are a protected species under the Wild Free-Roaming Horses and Burros Act.